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Immunizations:- Your baby should receive most of his/her childhood immunizations before baby's second birthday.Immunizations will protect him against following major diseases:- Polio:-ie.Poliomyelitis often causes permanent damage or even in some rare cases death.in its serious form,polio infection causes paralysis of the muscles,including those muscles needed for breathing and walking. Diphtheria:- causes a thick covering in the back of the throat.It can lead to breathing problems,paralysis,heart failure,and even death. Tetnus:-ie.Lockjaw enters the body through cuts,scratches or wounds in the skin.Tetanus can cause muscle stiffness,painful muscle spasms,seizures,and even death.Painful tightening of the jaw muscles can prevent a personfrom opening their mouth or swallowing. Pertussis:-ie.Whooping cough is a highly infectious illness that causes severe spells pf coughing that may interfere with normal breathing.Coughing is often accompanied by a whooping sound .Cough may last for weeks and pertussis can also cause pneumonia,seizures,brain damage and even death. HepatitisB:-virus can cause short term(acute)illness that leads to loss of apetitie,tiredness,pain in muscles,joints,and stomach;diarrhea;vomiting;and jaundice(yellow skin or eyes).It can also cause long term (chronic)illness that can lead to serious consequences,including liver damage(cirrhosis),liver cancer,and death. Haemophilus Influenza Type b:-is a bacterial disease spread by coughing and sneezing.It can lead to meningitis(n inflammation of the covering of the brain)as well as pneumonia,throat swelling,and infection of the joints. Chickenpox:-ie.Varicellais a very contagious usually mild disease in childhood characterized by an itchy blistered rash.It's caused by the varicella-zoster virus.Complications can include encephalitis(infection of the brain)and even death.A person who has had chickenpox can develop the painful disease shingles(zoster) years later because the virus lingers in the body. Pneumococcal disease:-is caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniaeThe majority of the victims are elderly but children under age 1 are especially at risk for bacterial meningitis.The bacteria can also cause blood infection(bacteremia)and middle-ear infections in children. and the last three are Measles:- is a highly infectious viral disease that produces coldlike symptoms and a rash.It can cause ear infection,encephalitis(brain inflammation) which can lead to convulsions,deafness,or mental retardation and even death. Mumps:-is a swlling of cheeks and jaw,as a result of inflamed salivary glands.caused by virus spread through the air,mumps can lead to meningitis,encephalitis,and deafness. Rubella:-ie.German measles,three day measles)like mumps,is a typically mild disease caused by a virus.In chikdren ,symptoms are fever and a facial rash.The greatest danger is to unborn child of a pregnant woman who has not had the disease or been vaccinated.If exposed to this disease early in pregnancy,a woman risks miscarriage or has an 80 percent chance of bearing a baby with congenital Rubella syndrome(CRS),resulting in birth defects ranginf from deafness and blindness to heart damage and mental retardation. Following vaccines are given for immunizations :- DTaP or DTP vaccine:-For diptheria,tetnus and pertussis .This vaccine is given in five injections ,the first three at two,four and six months of age.A fourth dose is given six to twelve months after the third dose,usually aroundthe eighteen months of age.Then your child will receive another shot at between four and six years age,this "booster" shot then raises the child's immunity to higher levels against these diseases. Polio vaccine:-Children should receive four doses of this vaccine before they enter school.There are two kinds of polio vaccines:- 1)IPV or inactivated polio vaccine,which is given as an injection in the leg or arm ,and 2)OPV or oral polio vaccine,which is given by mouth as drops. The polio vaccine is given at two,four,twelve to eighteen months ,and again between four and six years.(For children ,who receive the all-OPV schedule,the third dose can be given any time between six and eighteen months of age). Both IPV and OPV provide excellent protection against polio.You can choose one of the three recommended schedules-all-OPV,all-IPV,or combinedIPV?OPV.Talk to your baby's pediatricianabout which schedule your baby should receive. MMR vaccine:-For imminization against mumps,measles,rubella,a single shot at twelve to fifteen months is given.Because not all children are immune to these diseases after one vaccination,and to give additional protection,a second MMR is recommended prior tothe twelfth birthday. Remember-if your child is allergic to eggs,a reaction to the vaccine may rarely occur(because eggs are used in manufacturing it)so tell your pediatrician about it. Chickenpox vaccine:-a vaccine between twelve and eighteen months of age is recommended for all healthy children who never had the disease.Children under thirteen who have not had chickenpox and were never vaccinated also should revceive a single dose of vaccine.(Adolescents and young adults who have never had chickenpox or been vaccinated should receive two doses of vaccine separated by four to eight weeks. Haemophilus Influenza Type b(Hib):-This vaccine dose is recommended at the two months of age. Hepatitis B vaccine:-This vaccine is given in three doses beginning shortly after birth with a second dose one or two months later and a booster dose at six or eighteen months of age. Important :- Information provided on this page or else where on this website is NOT an expert advice. This information is subject to change.Before using, please do verify it . Always consult a subject matter expert for that regard. Read the disclaimer for details.